Like most computer users, I love the way computers
enhance my life at work as well as outside of work. The central
innovation is their ability to make master digital copies of important
works and enable me to modify them to suit specific purposes. At my job,
this manifests itself in time savings with revisions, master chart
decks, and content repositories. Outside of work, this should manifest
itself in the same sort of time savings: I should be able to have
digital copies of my own music, movies, and photographs that I can slice
and dice for various creative and entertaining projects.
The
trouble is, I can't copy my own music to do with as I please. Why?
Because companies such as Sony BMG have made it impossible to copy from
CDs with the introduction of Digital Rights Management (DRM) software
embedded into the file structure of the CD. And since Sony owns so much
of the entertainment industry, it's very difficult to find music that
permits copying.
Make no mistake, I'm not attempting to copy my
CDs in order to share them illegally with others. I just want to do
simple things like creating mixes for my media player. I recently
purchased a new compilation of Bob Dylan's music from the PBS
documentary "No Direction Home." When I went to copy it on my hard drive
for use with my Windows Media Player, all the tracks were copied as
Artist Unknown and Title Unknown because Sony's DRM software hides this
information from the media player. (The disc was actually produced by a
subsidiary of Sony, but 38 music companies are subsidiaries of Sony BMG
and use Sony DRM.)
I like to create collections that allow me to
play the songs in different orders than what's available on disc without
needing to interrupt my work to manually choose tracks from my CD. And
sometimes, I like to get really crazy and mix collections of songs from
different artists and discs. These are simple operations that anyone
with an iPod can easily do. Lots of users like to make more
sophisticated mixes with their music-melding and blending songs together
to create fresh new ways of listening to the music they love. Sony DRM
makes it virtually impossible to do this on a PC.
Though Sony's
CDs play fine on so-called Redbook audio devices such as stereo CD
players, they don't play at all well in PCs. The point of Sony's DRM
software was supposed to restrict copying and make it virtually
impossible to share the music I own. But this software is known to be
vulnerable to a particularly nasty Trojan horse virus, in addition to
several other very serious security vulnerabilities, so Sony pulled it
off the market. Now we're left with crippled discs and no way to use the
information on them. Experts who attempted to disable or uninstall the
so-called "rootkit" software for Sony CDs have found that doing so
completely disables Windows. If one attempts to disable or uninstall the
software, the only cure is to wipe the hard drive and start over with a
clean copy of Windows. Sony offered a patch for the problem, but the
medicine was worse than the cure. The net result: PC users are unable to
use CDs from the largest music company on the planet.
For the
life of me, I can't understand why Sony has chosen to create music
without the key feature that makes music lovers favor digital over
analogue. Of course, they're trying to prevent unauthorized use of their
intellectual capital. But they're undermining their own efforts in the
process. Sophisticated users will avoid buying Sony CDs and find other
ways to get the music they love. And musicians who understand the
motivations of their customers will avoid doing business with Sony or
its many subsidiaries if they have the chance. So this fiasco will only
hurt sales.
Besides Sony, the biggest loser in this deal is
Microsoft, which has been on the side of more restrictive copy
protection for digital media for the last few years, and implicitly
endorsed the Sony rootkit by providing secret APIs and other integrated
features of Windows XP to Sony developers. Apple, and of course the
open-source movement, have leaned toward giving users more control over
their own digital media, and have vigorously refused to allow Sony to
put malware into their operating systems. As a result, neither Mac nor
Linux machines have this problem. You can go to Apple's iTunes site and
download all the music you want to your Mac, mix and match it to your
heart's content, and copy it to your iPod for your enjoyment. That's not
an option for PC users, especially those who like artists signed by one
of the 38 companies that is owned by Sony, spanning every music genre
and age.
As Macs become Intel machines in 2006 and OS X's many
advantages over Windows XP become more apparent to price-sensitive
users, Microsoft will only be hurt worse by its stance on intellectual
property. When the same low-cost PC can either have OS X or Windows XP
on it, and OS X is less restrictive on digital rights than Windows XP,
OS X will have the clear advantage. Add to that other clear advantages,
such as effective desktop search and integrated media management
features, and Windows' long-term future is in trouble.
One of the
trends I am tracking relates to the way the big tech companies are
shifting focus away from business computing use and towards consumer
computing. This makes sense because many of the big challenges to
business user productivity have been solved while the innovation horizon
for home users is a long ways off. If you look at the typical Office
suite, you'll see that there aren't a lot of new features available to
users. That's because there aren't a lot of ways to improve users'
productivity with Office. Many CIOs these days focus more of their
attention on consolidating infrastructure to cut costs rather than
driving productivity through new software innovations. This in itself is
innovative, but it does not address user productivity with
innovation.
By contrast, consumer computing is starting to explode
with innovation. IBM's Cell processor is an example of this trend. The
processor is the core of Microsoft's Xbox 360 gaming system, and will
appear in the next generation gaming systems from Nintendo and Sony in
2006. And this is just the beginning of the Cell processor's role in
home computing. We can expect all kinds of media center computing
options in the future using this chip as the core. The Xbox gives us a
sneak peak of this innovation.
What is the point of all this
innovation from a user perspective? To give home users more control over
the media they enjoy. This means allowing more creative ways to mix and
match the media they own. Imagine an interactive home theater system
that allows you to create your own highlight DVDs of your favorite teams
from your DVR, complete with slow motion and your own voice-over. This
is close to becoming a reality, and Cell will be a key processor in the
fastest and easiest units available.
Ironically, Sony is a key
player in the development of the Cell chip, which exists primarily to
help users manipulate digital media. Meanwhile, the media arm of the
company is trying to restrict users from manipulating their media. At
some point, Sony's media division will need to align its mission to the
technology division' s mission. The trend is for more control over the
media we own, not less.
It's really an instance of the central
trend in information technology for the last 25 years, from more
proprietary to more open standards technology that ultimately gives
users more control over their digital assets. And that will become clear
to Sony' s media group as its sales are undermined by its restrictive
intellectual property measures.
James Mathewson is the
editor at large for ComputerUser and Lead Editor for IBM' s ISV
Enablement organization.