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Saturday Mar 13, 2010
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PDP-10: Programmed Data Processor model
Programmed Data Processor model 10 (PDP-10) was a computer manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from the late 1960s on. It was the machine that made time-sharing common; it looms large in hacker folklore because of its adoption in the 1970s by many university computing facilities and research labs, the most notable of which were MIT's AI Lab and Project MAC, Stanford's SAIL, and Carnegie Mellon University.
PDP-11: Programmed Data Processor model
Programmed Data Processor model 11 (PDP-11) was a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corp. in the 1970s and 1980s. The PDP-11 was a successor to DEC's PDP-8 computer in the PDP series of computers. It had several uniquely innovative features, and was easier to program than its predecessors. While well-liked by programmers, it was replaced in the mid-range minicomputer niche by the VAX-11 32-bit extension of the PDP-11. Much of the market for both machines would be taken by personal computers, including the IBM PC and Apple II, and workstations, such as those from Sun Microsystems.
Peripheral
Peripheral, or peripheral device, refers to all the I/O devices related with a computer. A peripheral can reside within the same chip as the processor; in which case, it can be called an integrated or on-chip peripheral. It can also be an external device outside the computer such as the keyboard, mouse, printer etc.
Peripheral Equipment
Peripheral Equipment refers to any input/output devices related to a comuputer. Examples of the peripheral equipment include mouse, keyboards and printers.
Personal Computer
Personal Computer(PC) is a computer designed for use by one person at a time. The term "PC" is also commonly used to describe an "IBM-compatible" personal computer in contrast to an Apple Macintosh computer. In price, personal computers range anywhere from a few hundred dollars to thousands of dollars. All are based on the microprocessor technology that enables manufacturers to put an entire CPU on one chip. Personal computers are used for word processing, accounting, desktop publishing, and for running spreadsheet and database management applications and play games.
Petaflop
A petaflop is a theoretical measure of a computer's speed and can be expressed as: A thousand trillion floating point operations per second; A thousand teraflop; 10 to the 15th power floating point operations per second; 2 to the 50th power FLOPS. Today's fastest parallel computing operations are capable of teraflop speeds. A petaflop is the ability of a computer to do one quadrillion floating point operations per second (FLOPS.)A petaflop computer would require a massive number of computers working in parallel on the same problem. Applications might include real-time nuclear magnetic resonance imaging during surgery or even astrophysical simulation.
PGA: Pin Grid Array
Pin Grid Array (PGA) is a type of packaging used for integrated circuits, particularly microprocessors. The integrated circuit (IC) is mounted in a ceramic slab of which one face is covered, or partially covered, in a square array of metal pins. The pins can then be inserted into the holes in a printed circuit board and soldered in place. They are almost always spaced a tenth of an inch (2.54 mm) apart. For a given number of pins, this type of package occupies less space than older types such as the dual in-line package (DIL or DIP). PGA chips are particularly good for chips that have many pins, such as modern microprocessors.
Photo Printer
A photo printer, also called snapshot printer, is a computer printer that is specifically designed to print high quality digital photos on photo paper. These printers usually have a very high number of nozzles and are capable of printing droplets as small as 2 picoliters.
Photo Scanner
Photo scanner is an optical scanner that specialises in scanning photos. Photo scanners usually offer better resolution than conventional scanners.A typical photo scanner is a sheet-fed scanner that can scan 3x5-inch or 4x6-inch photographs at 300 dpi or higher resolution. Some high-end photo scanners can also scan negatives and slides.
PIA: Peripheral Interface Adapter
The Peripheral Interface Adapter (PIA) is a peripheral integrated circuit providing parallel I/O interfacing capability for microprocessor systems. PIA is a specialized interface chip that allows a computer to connect to peripherals such as printers or monitors. The PIA provides two eight-bit ports through which the data passes. Common PIAs include the Motorola MC6820 and MC6821, and the MOS Technology MCS6520, all of which are functionally identical but have slightly different electrical characteristics. The PIA is most commonly packaged in a 40 pin DIP package.
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